Resoconti personalizzati¶
Odoo comes with a powerful and easy-to-use reporting framework. The engine allows you to create new reports, such as tax reports, or balance sheets and income statements with specific groupings and layouts.
Importante
Activate the developer mode to access the accounting report creation interface.
To create a new report, open the Accounting app and navigate to . From here, you can either create a root report or a variant.
Resoconti radice¶
I resoconti radice sono resoconti contabili generici e neutrali che fungono da modelli per costruire le versioni locali. Se un resoconto non presenta un resoconto radice viene considerato esso stesso un resoconto radice.
Example
Un resoconto fiscale per il Belgio e gli Stati Uniti utilizzerebbe la stessa versione generica come base e la adatterebbe alle rispettive normative nazionali.
When creating a new root report, you need to create a menu item for it. To do so, open the report and, on that same report, click the (Actions) icon, then select Create Menu Item. Refresh the page; the report is now available under .
Nota
I casi che richiedono la creazione di un nuovo resoconto sono rari, come ad esempio quando le autorità fiscali di un Paese richiedono un nuovo e specifico tipo di resoconto.
Varianti¶
Le varianti sono versioni specifiche per Paese dei resoconti radice e, pertanto, fanno sempre riferimento a un resoconto radice. Per creare una variante, selezionare un resoconto generico (radice) nel campo Resoconto radice quando crei un nuovo resoconto.
When a root report is opened from one of the accounting app’s main menus, all its variants are displayed in the variant selector in the top right corner of the view.
Example
In the following image, VAT Report (BE) is the variant of the root Generic Tax report.
Report lines¶
After having created a report (either root or variant), you need to fill it with report lines. You can either create a new one by clicking on Add a line, or modify an existing report line by clicking on it. All report lines require a Name, and can have an optional additional Code (of your choice) if you wish to use their value in formulas.
Espressioni¶
Each report line can contain one or multiple expressions. Expressions can be seen as sub-variables needed by a report line. To create an expression, click on Add a line within a report line.
When creating an expression, you must attribute a Label used to refer to that expression. Therefore, it has to be unique among the expressions of each line. Both a Computation Engine and a Formula must also be indicated. The engine defines how your formula(s) and subformula(s) are interpreted. It is possible to mix expressions using different computation engines under the same line if you need to.
Nota
In base al motore, potrebbero essere richieste anche formule secondarie.
“Odoo Domain” engine¶
With this engine, a formula is interpreted as an Odoo domain
targeting account.move.line objects.
La formula secondaria consente di definire il modo in cui le righe di spostamento corrispondenti al dominio vengono utilizzate per calcolare il valore dell’espressione:
sumIl risultato è la somma di tutti i saldi delle righe di movimento abbinate.
sum_if_posIl risultato è la somma di tutti i saldi delle righe movimento abbinate se l’importo è positivo. Altrimenti, è pari a
0.sum_if_negIl risultato è la somma di tutti i saldi delle righe movimento abbinate se l’importo è negativo. Altrimenti, è pari a
0.count_rowsThe result is the number of sub-lines of this expression. If the report line has a group-by value, this will correspond to the number of distinct grouping keys in the matched move lines. Otherwise, it will be the number of matched move lines.
You can also put a - sign at the beginning of the subformula to reverse the sign of the
result.
“Aggregate Other Formulas” engine¶
Use this engine when you need to perform arithmetic operations on the amounts obtained for other
expressions. Formulas here are composed of references to expressions separated by one of the four
basic arithmetic operators (addition +, subtraction -, division /, and multiplication *). To
refer to an expression, type in its report line’s code followed by a period . and the
expression’s label (ex. code.label).
Di seguito, un elenco delle principali formule secondarie:
if_above(CUR(amount))Il valore dell’espressione aritmetica viene restituito solo se è maggiore del limite fornito. Altrimenti, il risultato sarà
0.if_below(CUR(amount))Il valore dell’espressione aritmetica viene restituito solo se è inferiore al limite fornito. Altrimenti, il risultato sarà
0.if_between(CUR1(amount1), CUR2(amount2))Il valore dell’espressione aritmetica viene restituito solo se è strettamente compreso tra i limiti forniti. In caso contrario, verrà riportato al limite più vicino.
if_other_expr_above(LINE_CODE.EXPRESSION_LABEL, CUR(amount))Il valore dell’espressione aritmetica verrà restituito solo se il valore dell’espressione denotata dal codice di riga e dall’etichetta di espressione forniti è maggiore del limite fornito. Altrimenti, il risultato sarà
0.if_other_expr_below(LINE_CODE.EXPRESSION_LABEL, CUR(amount))Il valore dell’espressione aritmetica verrà restituito solo se il valore dell’espressione denotata dal codice di riga e dall’etichetta di espressione forniti è inferiore al limite fornito. Altrimenti, il risultato sarà
0.
CUR corrisponde al codice valuta in maiuscolo e amount è l’importo del limite espresso in quella valuta.
Puoi utilizzare anche la formula secondaria cross_report per abbinare un’espressione trovata in un altro resoconto.
“Prefix of Account Codes” engine¶
This engine is used to match amounts made on accounts using the prefixes of these accounts” codes as variables in an arithmetic expression.
Example
21Example
21 + 10 - 521 e 10, e sottrae il saldo di quelle sui conti con il prefisso 5.È anche possibile ignorare la selezione di prefissi secondari.
Example
21 + 10\(101, 102) - 5\(57)101, 102 e 57.È possibile applicare un “sottofiltraggio” su crediti e debiti utilizzando i suffissi C e D. In questo caso, un conto verrà considerato solo se il suo prefisso corrisponde, e se il saldo totale delle righe di movimento effettuate su questo conto è credito/debito.
Example
Il conto 210001 ha un saldo di -42 e il conto 210002 ha un saldo di 25. La formula 21D corrisponde solo al conto 210002, e quindi restituisce 25. Il conto 210001 non viene abbinato, poiché il suo saldo è a credito.
Le esclusioni del prefisso possono essere mescolate con i suffissi C e D.
Example
21D + 10\(101, 102)C - 5\(57)21 se è a debito (D) e 10 se è a credito (C), ma ignora i prefissi 101, 102, e sottrae il saldo di quelle sui conti con il prefisso 5, ignorando il prefisso 57.Per abbinare la lettera C o D in un prefisso e non utilizzarla come suffisso, utilizza un’esclusione vuota ().
Example
21D\()21D, indipendentemente dal segno del saldo.Oltre a utilizzare i prefissi dei codici per includere i conti, è possibile abbinarli a tag conto. Questo è particolarmente utile, ad esempio, se nel tuo Paese non esiste un piano dei conti standardizzato, dove lo stesso prefisso potrebbe essere usato per scopi diversi da un’azienda all’altra.
Example
tag(25)If the tag you reference is defined in a data file, an xmlid can be used instead of the id.
Example
tag(my_module.my_tag)È inoltre possibile utilizzare espressioni aritmetiche con i tag, eventualmente combinandole con selezioni di prefissi.
Example
tag(my_module.my_tag) + tag(42) + 1010.I suffissi C e D possono essere utilizzati allo stesso modo con i tag.
Example
tag(my_module.my_tag)CL’esclusione dei prefissi funziona anche con i tag.
Example
tag(my_module.my_tag)\(10)10.“External Value” engine¶
The “external value” engine is used to refer to manual and carryover values. Those values
are not stored using account.move.line, but with account.report.external.value. Each of these
objects directly points to the expression it impacts, so very little needs to be done about their
selection here.
Le formule utilizzabili sono:
sumSe il risultato deve essere la somma di tutti i valori esterni nel periodo.
most_recentSe il risultato deve essere il valore dell’ultimo valore esterno nel periodo.
Inoltre, le formule secondarie possono essere usate in due modi:
rounding=XLa sostituzione di
Xcon un numero indica l’arrotondamento dell’importo a X decimali.editableIndica che questa espressione può essere modificata manualmente, attivando la visualizzazione di un’icona nel resoconto, che consente all’utente di eseguire questa azione.
Nota
I valori manuali vengono creati nella data date_to attualmente selezionata nel resoconto.
Entrambe le formule secondarie possono essere mescolate separandole con un ;.
Example
editable;rounding=2“Custom Python Function” engine¶
This engine is a means for developers to introduce custom computation of expressions on a case-by-case basis. The formula is the name of a python function to call, and the subformula is a key to fetch in the dictionary returned by this function. Use it only if you are making a custom module of your own.
Colonne¶
I resoconti possono avere un numero indefinito di colonne da visualizzare. Ogni colonna ottiene i suoi valori dalle espressioni dichiarate sulle righe. Il campo expression_label della colonna fornisce l’etichetta delle espressioni il cui valore viene visualizzato. Se una riga non ha alcuna espressione in quel campo, non viene visualizzato nulla in questa colonna. Se sono necessarie più colonne, è necessario utilizzare etichette di espressione diverse.
Quando si utilizza la funzione di confronto tra periodi presente nella scheda Opzioni di un rendiconto contabile, tutte le colonne vengono ripetute in e per ogni periodo.
Line grouping¶
Non-standard grouping is possible by adding or using existing fields on the Journal Item model, provided that the fields are related and non-stored.
Nota
Grouping lines requires the report to have explicit report lines that can be edited. The deferred reports, for example, do not support grouping lines as they use dynamic lines that are generated.
Create a new field on journal item¶
To create a non-stored, related field in the Journal Item model, first go to , and click the (bug) icon, then click Fields. Click New to create a new field, and complete the following fields:
Field Name: a technical name for the field
Field Label: the label to be displayed for the field
Field Type: the type of field that this related field should point to
Stored: Leave this field unchecked as only non-stored fields can be used to group lines.
Related Model: If the field type is one2many, many2many, or many2one, select the model of the original field to group by.
Related Field Definition: the technical path to the field you want to group by
Example
To group by the sales team of the commercial partner, set the related field definition to
move_id.team_id.
Group lines¶
To group lines, go to the Lines tab of the desired report, click on the line you want to group, and edit the Group by field. Enter the technical name (Field Name) of the field to use as the grouping key.
Suggerimento
To find a list of all the model’s fields and their technical names, go to , and click the (bug) icon, then click Fields. The technical name of each field is listed in the Field Name column.
Custom tax report setup¶
Report configuration¶
Suggerimento
All technical terms and functions of Odoo’s reports engine are explained in the previous sections of this page. We strongly recommend reading these sections before setting up a custom tax report.
To create a custom tax report, open the Accounting app, navigate to , then click New:
Enter a name for your report.
Select a Root Report.
Under the Availability field, select Country Matches, then select the Country matching your company.
Next, create a report line by clicking the Add a line. Once created, click that report line to configure it:
Click Add a line again to create an Expression and name it.
In the Definition tab, select a Computation Engine for that expression depending on the following scenarios:
In this scenario, your company uses tax grids:
Select Tax Tags as the computation engine. Odoo uses this field to link the report line to your taxes.
In the Formula field, type your short grid identifier (e.g.,
vat_sales_base). Odoo automatically generates the+and-variants of this tag for you to map inside .In the Subformula field, enter either
baseto report the untaxed amount, ortaxto report the actual tax amount collected/paid.
Repeat this process as necessary. Then, Save & Close.
Alternatively, you can:
Select Aggregate Other Formulas as the computation engine. Odoo uses this field to perform math on lines already present in the report rather than scanning raw transactions.
In the Formula field, use basic algebra referencing your line codes (e.g.,
LINE_10 - LINE_20).
Repeat this process as necessary. Then, Save & Close.
In this scenario, your company does not use tax grids. Instead, it tracks everything strictly via General Ledger accounts:
Select Prefix of Account Codes as the computation engine: Odoo uses this for lines that need to pull financial totals. Instead of looking for transaction tags, Odoo pulls live balances directly from your chart of accounts.
In the Formula field, type the starting digits of the accounts you want to track, (e.g.,
40will pull the combined total of all revenue accounts starting with400000,401000, etc.).
Repeat this process as necessary. Then, Save & Close.
Alternatively, you can:
Select Aggregate Other Formulas as the computation engine. Odoo uses this to calculate subtotals, net tax, or grand totals by adding or subtracting your other report lines.
In the Formula field, use basic algebra referencing your line codes (e.g.,
LINE_10 - LINE_20).
Repeat this process as necessary. Then, Save & Close.
In this scenario, your company requires advanced filtering, manual user overrides, or complex algorithmic logic that standard tags and account prefixes cannot handle:
Select Odoo Domain as the computation engine: Odoo uses this to bypass tax tags entirely and filter raw journal items (
account.move.line) using standard Odoo search syntax.In the Formula field, enter a valid domain starting with brackets to isolate tax-exempt transactions for specific partner categories.
Alternatively, you can:
Select External Value as the computation engine. Odoo uses this to log manual overrides or historical carryover values.
In the Formula field, type either
sum(to add all manual values together over multi-period reports) ormost_recent(to display only the latest value).In the Subformula field, type
editableto display an edit icon on the live report, allowing users to modify the value manually. Additionally, you can round numbers by typingrounding=x.
Alternatively, you can:
Select Custom Python Function as the computation engine. Odoo uses this as an execution engine to run specific calculations through backend coding when rules involve progressive brackets, loops, or multi-tier thresholds.
In the Formula field, enter the exact technical name of the Python method defined in your custom localization module.
Repeat this process as necessary. Then, Save & Close.
In the Options tab of an Expression, populate the Carry Over To field with a formula to always carry over balances or only carry them over when the amount is negative. Leave this field blank if you do not want to use this feature.
Example
if_below(EUR(0))Tax configuration¶
Next, go to and click New to create and configure new taxes for your custom tax report. Create your Sales and Purchases taxes, and populate the Tax Grids for all taxes using the matching tax grids you created earlier. Finally, make sure to specify both a tax payable and tax receivable account for each tax.
Example
Closing entry¶
To close taxes, a tax group must be specified on each tax used in your custom tax report. To do this, open the Accounting app, navigate to , open a tax that requires a tax group, click the Advanced Options tab, and select a group in the Tax Group field. Once assigned, click the (right arrow) icon and set both a Tax Payable Account and a Tax Receivable Account.
Suggerimento
When everything has been set up, make sure to test your report by creating invoices, bills, and credit notes using the taxes specific to that report. Finally, test the closing entry itself.
If you want to hide a specific account from displaying in the tax closing entry, go to , select the tax, and click the (settings adjust) icon. From there, check the Tax Closing Entry box to adjust its visibility.
Vedi anche