Columbia

Odoo’s Colombian localization package provides accounting, fiscal, and legal features for databases in Colombia - such as chart of accounts, taxes, and electronic invoicing. The localization has the following prerequisites when using the DIAN Own Software solution with Odoo:

• Be registered in the RUT (Registro Único Tributario) with a valid NIT.

• Have a valid digital signature certificate approved by the ONAC.

• Register and get enabled by completing the certification process required by the DIAN.

Vedeți și

• For more information on how to complete the certification process for the DIAN module, review the following webinar

• Smart Tutorial - Colombian Localization

• Documentation on e-invoicing’s legality and compliance in Colombia

Configurare

Module instalate

Instalați următoarele module pentru a obține toate caracteristicile localizării columbiene:

Nume	Nume tehnic	Descriere
Colombia - Contabilitate	l10n_co	Implicit pachetul de localizare fiscală. Acest modul adaugă caracteristicile contabile de bază pentru localizarea columbiană: plan de conturi, impozite, rețineri și tip de document de identificare.
Electronic invoicing for Colombia with DIAN	l10n_co_dian	This module includes the features required for integration with the DIAN as its own software, and adds the ability to generate electronic invoices and support documents based on DIAN regulations.
Columbian - Rapoarte contabile	l10n_co_reports	This module includes accounting reports for sending certifications to suppliers for withholdings applied.
Facturare electronică pentru Columbia cu Carvajal	l10n_co_edi	This module includes the features required for integration with Carvajal. Adds the ability to generate the electronic invoices and support documents, based on DIAN regulations.
Columbian - Punct de vânzare	l10n_co_pos	This module includes Point of Sale receipts for Colombian localization.

Informațiile Companiei

To configure your company information:

1. Access your company’s contact form:

   • Go to the Contacts app and search for your company or;

   • Go to the Settings app, activate the developer mode, and in the Companies section, click Update Info. Then, in the Contact field, click on the company name.

2. Configure the following information:

   • Numele companiei.

   • Address: Including City, Department, and ZIP code.

   • Identification Number: Select the Identification Type (NIT, Cédula de Ciudadanía, Registro Civil, etc.). When the Identification Type is NIT, the Identification Number must have the verification digit at the end of the ID prefixed by a hyphen (-).

3. Go to the Sales & Purchase tab and configure the Fiscal Information:

   • Obligaciones y Responsabilidades: Select the fiscal responsibility for the company. (O-13 Gran Contribuyente, O-15 Autorretenedor, O-23 Agente de retención IVA, O-47 Regimen de tributación simple, R-99-PN No Aplica).

   • Gran Contribuyente: If the company is Gran Contribuyente, enable this option.

   • Fiscal Regimen: Select the Tribute Name for the company (IVA, INC, IVA e INC, or No Aplica)

   • Commercial Name: If the company uses a specific commercial name and it needs to be displayed in the invoice.

Sfat

The data configured in the Fiscal Information section is printed in the valid fiscal PDF reports.

Electronic invoicing credentials and DIAN environment

To configure the user credentials to be used to connect with the DIAN’s web service and the DIAN environment, navigate to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Settings and scroll to the Colombian Electronic Invoicing section. Then, follow these steps:

1. Select DIAN: Free Service as the Electronic Invoicing Provider.

2. Configure the Operation Modes for the respective types of documents (electronic invoices or support documents) to be generated from Odoo. Click Add a line, then fill in the fields:

   • Software Mode: the type of document to be generated with the operation mode.

   • Software ID: the ID generated by DIAN for the specific operation mode.

   • Software PIN: the PIN selected in the operation mode configuration in the DIAN portal.

   • Testing ID: the testing ID generated by DIAN and obtained after testing the operation mode.

3. Configure the available Certificates to sign the electronic documents. Click Add a line, then fill in the fields:

   • Name: the name of the certificate.

   • Certificate: upload the certificate file in PEM format. In the Private Key field that appears on the screen, select an existing private key or create a new one. To do so, enter a key name and select Create and edit. Then, in the Create Private Key wizard, upload a valid Key file and click Save & Close.

     

4. Configure the DIAN environment; the DIAN electronic invoicing module offers four different DIAN environments to connect with:

   • DIAN demo mode: This environment allows to test electronic invoicing workflows using a demo digital certificate. Files are created and accepted automatically and are not sent to any DIAN environment. Every internal validation can be tested. To activate it, tick the DIAN Demo Mode checkbox.

     Notă

     The DIAN Demo Mode checkbox is hidden from view when the Test environment checkbox is enabled.

   • Certification environment: This environment is useful to pass the DIAN certification process and obtain the Enabled status to invoice from Odoo. To activate it, enable both the Test environment and the Activate the certification process checkboxes.

   • Testing environment: This environment allows reproducing electronic invoicing flows and validations in the DIAN testing portal. To activate it, enable only the Test Environment checkbox.

   • Production environment: This environment allows generating valid electronic documents. To activate it, disable both the Test environment and the Activate the certification process checkboxes.

     Important

     Do not activate DIAN Demo Mode on a production database. This mode is intended for use in test environments only.

Notă

In a multi-company database, each company can have its own certificate.

Vedeți și

For electronic invoicing configurations using the Carvajal solution, review the following video: Configuración de Facturación Electrónica - Localización de Colombia.

Master data

Contacte

Configure the following fields on the contact form:

• Identification Number (VAT): Select the identification number type and enter the identification number. If the identification number type is NIT, the identification number must include the verification digit at the end, prefixed by a hyphen (-).

• Fiscal Information fields in the Sales & Purchase tab.

Produse

Access the product’s form via Accounting ‣ Customers ‣ Products and ensure that either the UNSPSC Category field (found in the Accounting tab) or the Internal Reference field (in the General Information tab) is configured.

Taxe

Pentru a crea sau modifica taxe, accesați Contabilitate ‣ Configurare ‣ Taxe și selectați taxa aferentă.

If sales transactions include products with taxes, configure the Value Type field in the Advanced Options tab. Retention tax types (ICA, IVA, Fuente) are also included. This configuration is used to display taxes correctly on the invoice.

Jurnalele de vânzări

Once the DIAN has assigned the official sequence and prefix for the electronic invoice resolution, the sales journals related to the invoices must be updated in Odoo. To do so, navigate to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Journals and select an existing sales journal or create a new one with the Create button.

On the sales journal form, enter the Journal Name and Type, then set a unique Short Code in the Journals Entries tab. Then, configure the following data in the Advanced Settings tab:

• Electronic invoicing: enable UBL 2.1 (Colombia).

• Invoicing Resolution: resolution number issued by DIAN to the company via their test set.

• Resolution Date: initial effective date of the resolution.

• Resolution End Date: end date of the resolution’s validity.

• Range of Numbering (minimum): first authorized invoice number.

• Range of Numbering (maximum): last authorized invoice number.

• Technical Key: control key received from the DIAN portal test set or from their web service in case of the production environment.

When the database is configured for the production environment, instead of configuring these fields manually, click the Reload DIAN configuration button to obtain the DIAN resolution information from the DIAN web service.

Important

• The short code and resolution of the journal must match the ones received in the DIAN portal test set or from the MUISCA portal.

• The invoice sequence and prefix must be correctly configured when the first invoice is created. Odoo automatically assigns a prefix and sequence to the following invoices.

Cumpărați jurnale

Once the DIAN has assigned the official sequence and prefix for the support document related to vendor bills, the purchase journals related to their supporting documents need to be updated in Odoo. The process is similar to the configuration of the sales journals.

Vedeți și

For more information on support document journals using the Carvajal solution, review the Documento Soporte - Localización de Colombia video.

Planul de conturi

The chart of accounts is installed by default as part of the localization module. The accounts are mapped automatically in taxes, default account payable, and default account receivable. The chart of accounts for Colombia is based on the PUC (Plan Unico de Cuentas).

Valută multiplă

The official exchange rate for Colombia is provided by the Banco de la República.

To enable automatic exchange rate updates, follow these steps:

1. Go to Accounting ‣ Configuration ‣ Settings.

2. Navigate to the Currencies section and enable Automatic Currency Rates.

3. Ensure that [CO] Bank of the Republic is selected as the Service.

4. Select an Interval for how frequently the currency rate should be automatically updated.

Principalele fluxuri de lucru

Facturi electronice

Mai jos este o detaliere a fluxului de lucru principal pentru facturile electronice cu localizarea columbiană:

1. The user creates an invoice.

2. Odoo generates the legal XML file.

3. Odoo generates the CUFE (Invoice Electronic Code) with the electronic signature.

4. Odoo sends a notification to DIAN.

5. DIAN validează factura.

6. DIAN acceptă sau respinge factura.

7. Odoo generates the PDF invoice with a QR code.

8. Odoo compresses the attached document (containing the sent XML file and the DIAN validation response) and the fiscal valid PDF into a .zip file.

9. The user sends the invoice (.zip file) via Odoo to the acquirer.

Creare factura

Notă

Fluxul de lucru funcțional care are loc înainte de validarea unei facturi nu modifică principalele modificări introduse cu factura electronică.

Electronic invoices are generated and sent to both the DIAN and the customer. These documents can be created from the sales order or manually generated. To create a new invoice, go to Accounting ‣ Costumers ‣ Invoices, and select Create. On the invoice form, configure the following fields:

• Customer: customer’s information.

• Journal: journal used for electronic invoices.

• Tip factură electronică: Selectați tipul de document. În mod implicit, este selectat Factura de Venta.

• Linii de factură: Specificați produsele cu taxele corecte.

Important

When creating the first invoice related to an electronic invoicing journal, it is required to manually change the sequence of the invoice to the DIAN format: Prefix + Sequence.

For example, format the sequence from SETP/2024/00001 to SETP1.

Când ați terminat, faceți clic pe Confirm.

Electronic invoice sending

After the invoice confirmation, click Print & Send. In the wizard that appears, make sure to enable the DIAN and Email checkboxes to send an XML to the DIAN web service and the validated invoice to the client fiscal email and click Print & Send. Then:

• The XML document is created.

• The CUFE is generated.

• The XML is processed synchronously by the DIAN.

• If accepted, the file is displayed in the chatter and the email to the client with the corresponding .zip file.

The DIAN tab then displays the following:

• Signed Date: timestamp recorded of the XML creation.

• Status: Status result obtained in the DIAN response. If the invoice was rejected, the error messages can be seen here.

• Testing Environment: To know if the document sent was delivered to the DIAN testing environment.

• Certification Process: To know if the document was sent as part of the certification process with the DIAN.

• Download: To download the sent XML file, even if the DIAN result was rejected.

• Fetch Attached Document: To download the generated attached document file included in the delivered .zip file to the client.

Note de credit

Procesul pentru note de credit este același ca și pentru facturi. Pentru a crea o notă de credit cu referire la o factură, accesați Contabilitate ‣ Clienți ‣ Facturi. Pe factură, faceți clic pe Adăugați notă de credit și completați următoarele informații:

• Metoda de credit: Selectați tipul metodei de credit.

  • Rambursare parțială: Folosiți această opțiune când este o sumă parțială.

  • Rambursare completă: Folosiți această opțiune dacă nota de credit este pentru suma totală.

  • Rambursare completă și nouă ciornă de factură: Utilizați această opțiune dacă nota de credit este validată automat și reconciliată cu factura. Factura originală este duplicată ca o nouă ciornă.

• Motiv: Introduceți motivul notei de credit.

• Data inversare: Selectați dacă doriți o anumită dată pentru nota de credit sau dacă este data înscrierii în jurnal.

• Utilizați jurnalul specific: Selectați jurnalul pentru nota dvs. de credit sau lăsați-l necompletat dacă doriți să utilizați același jurnal ca și factura originală.

• Data rambursării: ​​Dacă ați ales o anumită dată, selectați data rambursării.

Odată examinat, faceți clic pe butonul Reverse.

Note de debit

Procesul pentru notele de debit este similar cu notele de credit. Pentru a crea o notă de debit cu referire la o factură, accesați Contabilitate ‣ Clienți ‣ Facturi. Pe factură, faceți clic pe butonul Adăugați notă de debit și introduceți următoarele informații:

• Motiv: Introduceți motivul notei de debit.

• Data notei de debit: Selectați opțiunile specifice.

• Copy lines: Selectați această opțiune dacă trebuie să înregistrați o notă de debit cu aceleași linii de factură.

• Utilizați un jurnal specific: Selectați punctul de imprimare pentru nota de debit sau lăsați-l necompletat dacă doriți să utilizați același jurnal ca și factura originală.

Când ați terminat, faceți clic pe Creați o notă de debit.

Document suport pentru facturile furnizorilor

Cu datele de bază, acreditările și jurnalul de achiziții configurate pentru documentele de suport legate de facturile furnizorilor, puteți începe să utilizați documente de asistență.

Documentele de asistență pentru facturile furnizorilor pot fi create din comanda dvs. de achiziție sau manual. Accesați Contabilitate ‣ Furnizori ‣ Facturi și completați următoarele date:

• Vendor: Introduceți informațiile vânzătorului.

• Data facturii: ​​Selectați data facturii.

• Jurnal: Selectați jurnalul pentru documentele suport legate de facturile furnizorului.

• Linii facturate: Specificați produsele cu taxele corecte.

Odată examinat, faceți clic pe butonul Confirmați. La confirmare, un fișier XML este creat și trimis automat către Carvajal.

Erori comune

During the XML validation, the most common errors are related to missing master data. In such cases, a validation error message is displayed and sending is blocked.

If the invoice was sent and set as Rejected by the DIAN, the error messages are visible by clicking the (info circle) icon next to the Status field in the DIAN tab. Using the reported error codes, it is possible to review solutions to apply before re-sending.

After the master data or other issues are corrected, it is possible to reprocess the XML again. Do so by following the electronic invoice sending flow.

Rapoarte financiare

Certificat de reținere ICA

Acest raport este o certificare pentru furnizori pentru reținerile efectuate pentru impozitul pe industrie și comerț din Columbia (ICA). Raportul poate fi găsit în Contabilitate ‣ Raportare ‣ Declarații columbiene ‣ Certificat de reținere ICA.

Click the (gear) icon to display options to Download Excel and Copy to Documents.

Certificat de reținere TVA

Acest raport emite un certificat privind suma reținută de la vânzători pentru reținerea TVA. Raportul poate fi găsit în Contabilitate ‣ Raportare ‣ Declarații columbiene ‣ Certificado de Retención en IVA.

Click the (gear) icon to display options to Download Excel and Copy to Documents.

Certificat de reținere la sursă

Acest certificat se eliberează partenerilor pentru reținerea la sursă pe care aceștia au efectuat-o. Raportul poate fi găsit în Contabilitate ‣ Raportare ‣ Declarații columbiene ‣ Certificado de Retención en Fuente.

Click the (gear) icon to display options to Download Excel and Copy to Documents.