Colombia¶
Odoo’s Colombian localization package provides accounting, fiscal, and legal features for databases in Colombia - such as chart of accounts, taxes, and electronic invoicing. The localization has the following prerequisites when using the DIAN Own Software solution with Odoo:
Be registered in the RUT (Registro Único Tributario) with a valid NIT.
Have a valid digital signature certificate approved by the ONAC.
Register and get enabled by completing the certification process required by the DIAN.
Ver también
For more information on how to complete the certification process for the DIAN module, review the following webinar
Documentación sobre la legalidad y el cumplimiento de la facturación electrónica en Colombia
Configuración¶
Instalación de módulos¶
Instale los siguientes módulos para obtener todas las funciones de la localización de Colombia:
Nombre |
Nombre técnico |
Descripción |
|---|---|---|
Colombia - Contabilidad |
|
Es el paquete de localización fiscal predeterminado. Este módulo agrega las funciones contables básicas para la localización colombiana, como el plan de cuentas, impuestos, retenciones y tipo de documento de identidad. |
Electronic invoicing for Colombia with DIAN |
|
This module includes the features required for integration with the DIAN as its own software, and adds the ability to generate electronic invoices and support documents based on DIAN regulations. |
Colombia - Informes contables |
|
This module includes accounting reports for sending certifications to suppliers for withholdings applied. |
Facturación electrónica para Colombia con Carvajal |
|
This module includes the features required for integration with Carvajal. Adds the ability to generate the electronic invoices and support documents, based on DIAN regulations. |
Colombia - Punto de venta |
|
This module includes Point of Sale receipts for Colombian localization. |
Información de la empresa¶
To configure your company information:
Access your company’s contact form:
Go to the Contacts app and search for your company or;
Go to the Settings app, activate the developer mode, and in the Companies section, click Update Info. Then, in the Contact field, click on the company name.
Configure the following information:
Nombre de la empresa.
Address: Including City, Department, and ZIP code.
Identification Number: Select the Identification Type (NIT, Cédula de Ciudadanía, Registro Civil, etc.). When the Identification Type is NIT, the Identification Number must have the verification digit at the end of the ID prefixed by a hyphen (
-).
Go to the Sales & Purchase tab and configure the Fiscal Information:
Obligaciones y Responsabilidades: Select the fiscal responsibility for the company. (O-13 Gran Contribuyente, O-15 Autorretenedor, O-23 Agente de retención IVA, O-47 Regimen de tributación simple, R-99-PN No Aplica).
Gran Contribuyente: If the company is Gran Contribuyente, enable this option.
Fiscal Regimen: Select the Tribute Name for the company (IVA, INC, IVA e INC, or No Aplica)
Commercial Name: If the company uses a specific commercial name and it needs to be displayed in the invoice.
Truco
The data configured in the Fiscal Information section is printed in the valid fiscal PDF reports.
Electronic invoicing credentials and DIAN environment¶
To configure the user credentials to be used to connect with the DIAN’s web service and the DIAN environment, navigate to and scroll to the Colombian Electronic Invoicing section. Then, follow these steps:
Select DIAN: Free Service as the Electronic Invoicing Provider.
Configure the Operation Modes for the respective types of documents (electronic invoices or support documents) to be generated from Odoo. Click Add a line, then fill in the fields:
Software Mode: the type of document to be generated with the operation mode.
Software ID: the ID generated by DIAN for the specific operation mode.
Software PIN: the PIN selected in the operation mode configuration in the DIAN portal.
Testing ID: the testing ID generated by DIAN and obtained after testing the operation mode.
Configure the available Certificates to sign the electronic documents. Click Add a line, then fill in the fields:
Name: the name of the certificate.
Certificate: upload the certificate file in PEM format. In the Private Key field that appears on the screen, select an existing private key or create a new one. To do so, enter a key name and select Create and edit. Then, in the Create Private Key wizard, upload a valid Key file and click Save & Close.
Configure the DIAN environment; the DIAN electronic invoicing module offers four different DIAN environments to connect with:
DIAN demo mode: This environment allows to test electronic invoicing workflows using a demo digital certificate. Files are created and accepted automatically and are not sent to any DIAN environment. Every internal validation can be tested. To activate it, tick the DIAN Demo Mode checkbox.
Nota
The DIAN Demo Mode checkbox is hidden from view when the Test environment checkbox is enabled.
Certification environment: This environment is useful to pass the DIAN certification process and obtain the Enabled status to invoice from Odoo. To activate it, enable both the Test environment and the Activate the certification process checkboxes.
Testing environment: This environment allows reproducing electronic invoicing flows and validations in the DIAN testing portal. To activate it, enable only the Test Environment checkbox.
Production environment: This environment allows generating valid electronic documents. To activate it, disable both the Test environment and the Activate the certification process checkboxes.
Importante
Do not activate DIAN Demo Mode on a production database. This mode is intended for use in test environments only.
Nota
In a multi-company database, each company can have its own certificate.
Ver también
For electronic invoicing configurations using the Carvajal solution, review the following video: Configuración de Facturación Electrónica - Localización de Colombia.
Master data¶
Contactos¶
Configure the following fields on the contact form:
Identification Number (VAT): Select the identification number type and enter the identification number. If the identification number type is NIT, the identification number must include the verification digit at the end, prefixed by a hyphen (
-).Fiscal Information fields in the Sales & Purchase tab.
Productos¶
Access the product’s form via and ensure that either the UNSPSC Category field (found in the Accounting tab) or the Internal Reference field (in the General Information tab) is configured.
Impuestos¶
Si desea crear o modificar impuestos, vaya a y seleccione el impuesto relacionado.
If sales transactions include products with taxes, configure the Value Type field in the Advanced Options tab. Retention tax types (ICA, IVA, Fuente) are also included. This configuration is used to display taxes correctly on the invoice.
Diarios de ventas¶
Once the DIAN has assigned the official sequence and prefix for the electronic invoice resolution, the sales journals related to the invoices must be updated in Odoo. To do so, navigate to and select an existing sales journal or create a new one with the Create button.
On the sales journal form, enter the Journal Name and Type, then set a unique Short Code in the Journals Entries tab. Then, configure the following data in the Advanced Settings tab:
Electronic invoicing: enable UBL 2.1 (Colombia).
Invoicing Resolution: resolution number issued by DIAN to the company via their test set.
Resolution Date: initial effective date of the resolution.
Resolution End Date: end date of the resolution’s validity.
Range of Numbering (minimum): first authorized invoice number.
Range of Numbering (maximum): last authorized invoice number.
Technical Key: control key received from the DIAN portal test set or from their web service in case of the production environment.
When the database is configured for the production environment, instead of configuring these fields manually, click the Reload DIAN configuration button to obtain the DIAN resolution information from the DIAN web service.
Importante
The short code and resolution of the journal must match the ones received in the DIAN portal test set or from the MUISCA portal.
The invoice sequence and prefix must be correctly configured when the first invoice is created. Odoo automatically assigns a prefix and sequence to the following invoices.
Diarios de compra¶
Once the DIAN has assigned the official sequence and prefix for the support document related to vendor bills, the purchase journals related to their supporting documents need to be updated in Odoo. The process is similar to the configuration of the sales journals.
Ver también
For more information on support document journals using the Carvajal solution, review the Documento Soporte - Localización de Colombia video.
Plan contable¶
The chart of accounts is installed by default as part of the localization module. The accounts are mapped automatically in taxes, default account payable, and default account receivable. The chart of accounts for Colombia is based on the PUC (Plan Unico de Cuentas).
Multidivisa¶
The official exchange rate for Colombia is provided by the Banco de la República.
To enable automatic exchange rate updates, follow these steps:
Go to .
Navigate to the Currencies section and enable Automatic Currency Rates.
Ensure that [CO] Bank of the Republic is selected as the Service.
Select an Interval for how frequently the currency rate should be automatically updated.
Flujos de trabajo principales¶
Facturas electrónicas¶
A continuación verá un desglose del flujo de trabajo principal para facturas electrónicas con la localización colombiana:
The user creates an invoice.
Odoo generates the legal XML file.
Odoo generates the CUFE (Invoice Electronic Code) with the electronic signature.
Odoo sends a notification to DIAN.
DIAN valida la factura.
DIAN acepta o rechaza la factura.
Odoo generates the PDF invoice with a QR code.
Odoo compresses the attached document (containing the sent XML file and the DIAN validation response) and the fiscal valid PDF into a
.zipfile.The user sends the invoice (
.zipfile) via Odoo to the acquirer.
Creación de facturas¶
Nota
El flujo de trabajo funcional previo a la validación de la factura no modifica los principales cambios introducidos con la factura electrónica.
Electronic invoices are generated and sent to both the DIAN and the customer. These documents can be created from the sales order or manually generated. To create a new invoice, go to , and select Create. On the invoice form, configure the following fields:
Customer: customer’s information.
Journal: journal used for electronic invoices.
Tipo de factura electrónica: seleccione el tipo de documento. La selección predeterminada es Factura de venta.
Líneas de la factura: especifique los productos con los impuestos correctos.
Importante
When creating the first invoice related to an electronic invoicing journal, it is required to
manually change the sequence of the invoice to the DIAN format: Prefix + Sequence.
For example, format the sequence from SETP/2024/00001 to SETP1.
Al terminar, haga clic en confirmar.
Electronic invoice sending¶
After the invoice confirmation, click Print & Send. In the wizard that appears, make sure to enable the DIAN and Email checkboxes to send an XML to the DIAN web service and the validated invoice to the client fiscal email and click Print & Send. Then:
The XML document is created.
The CUFE is generated.
The XML is processed synchronously by the DIAN.
If accepted, the file is displayed in the chatter and the email to the client with the corresponding
.zipfile.
The DIAN tab then displays the following:
Signed Date: timestamp recorded of the XML creation.
Status: Status result obtained in the DIAN response. If the invoice was rejected, the error messages can be seen here.
Testing Environment: To know if the document sent was delivered to the DIAN testing environment.
Certification Process: To know if the document was sent as part of the certification process with the DIAN.
Download: To download the sent XML file, even if the DIAN result was rejected.
Fetch Attached Document: To download the generated attached document file included in the delivered
.zipfile to the client.
Notas de crédito¶
El proceso para las notas de crédito es el mismo que para las facturas. Para crear una nota de crédito con referencia a una factura, vaya a . En la factura, haga clic en Añadir nota de crédito y complete la siguiente información:
Método de crédito: seleccione el método de crédito.
Reembolso parcial: utilice esta opción cuando se trate de un importe parcial.
Reembolso completo: utilice esta opción cuando se trate de un importe total.
Reembolso completo y nuevo borrador de factura: utilice esta opción si la nota de crédito se autovalida y concilia con la factura. La factura original se duplica como un nuevo borrador.
Motivo: escriba el motivo de la nota de crédito.
Fecha de reversión: indique si desea una fecha específica para la nota de crédito o si se usará la fecha del asiento.
Utilizar diario específico: seleccione el diario a usar para su nota de crédito o déjelo vacío si desea utilizar el mismo diario que la factura original.
Fecha de reembolso: si eligió la opción fecha específica, seleccione la fecha para el reembolso.
Una vez revisado, haga clic en el botón Revertir.
Notas de débito¶
El proceso para las notas de débito es similar al de las notas de crédito. Para crear una nota de débito con referencia a una factura, vaya a . En la factura, haga clic en el botón Añadir nota de cargo e ingrese la siguiente información:
Motivo: escriba el motivo de la nota de débito.
Fecha de la nota de débito: seleccione las opciones específicas.
Copiar líneas: seleccione esta opción si necesita registrar una nota de débito con las mismas líneas de la factura.
Utilizar diario específico: seleccione el punto de impresión para su nota de débito, o déjelo vacío si desea utilizar el mismo diario que la factura original.
Al finalizar, haga clic en crear nota de débito.
Documento soporte para las facturas de proveedor¶
Una vez que haya configurado los datos maestros, las credenciales y el diario de compras relacionados con las facturas de proveedores, puede empezar a utilizar los documentos soporte.
Puede crear los documentos soporte para las facturas de proveedor desde las órdenes de compra o de forma manual. Vaya a y complete los siguientes datos:
Proveedor: complete la información del proveedor.
Fecha de factura: seleccione la fecha de la factura.
Diarios: seleccione el diario para los documentos soporte relacionados a las facturas de proveedor.
Líneas de factura: especifique los productos con los impuestos correspondientes.
Una vez revisado, haga clic en el botón confirmar. Después de confirmar se creará un archivo XML que se enviará de forma automática a Carvajal.
Errores comunes¶
During the XML validation, the most common errors are related to missing master data. In such cases, a validation error message is displayed and sending is blocked.
If the invoice was sent and set as Rejected by the DIAN, the error messages are visible by clicking the (info circle) icon next to the Status field in the DIAN tab. Using the reported error codes, it is possible to review solutions to apply before re-sending.
After the master data or other issues are corrected, it is possible to reprocess the XML again. Do so by following the electronic invoice sending flow.
Informes financieros¶
Certificado de retención en ICA¶
Este informe es una certificación para los proveedores por las retenciones efectuadas por concepto del impuesto de Industria y Comercio colombiano (ICA). El informe se encuentra en .
Click the (gear) icon to display options to Download Excel and Copy to Documents.
Certificado de retención en IVA¶
Este informe emite un certificado sobre el monto retenido a los proveedores por concepto de retención de IVA. El informe se encuentra en .
Click the (gear) icon to display options to Download Excel and Copy to Documents.
Certificado de retención en la fuente¶
Este certificado se emite a los partners por las retenciones de impuestos que han efectuado. El informe se encuentra en .
Click the (gear) icon to display options to Download Excel and Copy to Documents.
