Every line of the Odoo source code is available so technically anything is possible.

We provide a JSON-RPC API that you can use to fetch product data, manage customer information, and handle orders.

The Odoo Javascript framework builds on React and View and provides a feature rich front end, so you would be rebuilding things that are already provided.

Odoo can be configured to log API calls - see https://www.odoo.com/forum/help-1/how-can-i-see-which-api-calls-are-made-to-learn-what-odoo-is-doing-at-specific-times-183911 and this might be the fastest way to learn how do interact with the back end.

Developer documentation starting point is https://www.odoo.com/documentation/master/developer.html