It is possible to forward port modules in Odoo.

It is also possible to export and reimport data using Odoo's csv and xlsx export and import features. In order to migrate Odoo databases this way, you need indepth knowledge of Odoo's information structure and this is a very complicated, tedious and cumbersome process.

Instead, you may want to learn about the OCA OpenUpgrade project: https://github.com/OCA/OpenUpgrade