Yes, it is possible.

First, you need to create all your stages in Sales > Configuration > Leads & Opportunities > Stages. Their type must be Opportunity (or Both if you want to use them on leads too).
Then, you need to create you teams in Sales > Configuration > Sales Teams.
Finally, in the Stages tab of each team, you need to select the stages that are applicable and order them in the order you see fit with the handle on the leftmost side of each line. There, additional configuration also allows you to overwrite the default probability percentage and related status that the opportunity will take when you will switch to a particular stage for this team.

If you don't see one of these menus, make sure your user has the Technical features checkbox checked in Settings > Users > Access rights tab, and make sure the CRM application is installed of course.