Other answers are okay, but if you want to do it using a XML file inside a module, you can try to do the following (change the model based on your needs):

<function name="write" model="ir.model.data">

            <!-- First we need to find the record...-->

            <function name="search" model="ir.model.data">

                <value

                  eval="[('module', '=', 'purchase'), ('name', '=', 'purchase_order_comp_rule')]"

                  />

            </function>

           <!-- ...and temporarily set the noupdate field to False-->

            <value eval="{'noupdate': False}" />

        </function>

       <!-- Get our main job done, i.e. modify the domain_force field of a record -->

        <record id="purchase.purchase_order_comp_rule" model="ir.rule">

            <field name="domain_force">[('company_id','=',user.company_id.id)]</field>

        </record>

       <!-- (Optional) Time to clean our dirty hand, set the previously noupdate False to True again -->

        <function name="write" model="ir.model.data">

            <function name="search" model="ir.model.data">

                <value

                  eval="[('module', '=', 'purchase'), ('name', '=', 'purchase_order_comp_rule')]"

                  />

            </function>

            <value eval="{'noupdate': True}" />

        </function>

Hope it helps!

*Sorry i'm not using the code tag to put the code above, for unknown reasons it behaves strangely.

Records that are created in xml files also create an external identifier which is named [module name].[id]

When noupdate="1" is specified in the xml data file, then the external identifier created has a field called noupdate set to True. Once this happens, it is impossible to update a record using xml.

You can find the external identifier in Technical -> Sequences and Identifiers -> External Identifiers. Find the id of the record you're looking for and uncheck the noupdate field. Once this is done, you can update the record using your xml data file.

I had a requirement for a module to update existing records which were previously set to noupdate. This had to be done in xml. To achieve this I did the following in the data file (new_module_data.xml)

1.I deleted the record

2. I re-created the record using the original identifier

<openerp>
<data noupdate="0">
<delete id="old_module_name.identifier" model="old_module_name.model"/>
<record id="old_module_name.identifier" model="old_module_name.model">
...
</record>
</data>
</openerp>

The noupdate is stored in the ir_model_data table.  Just change the noupdate column to FALSE for the record (search it using the XML ID against the name column).  This will allow you to make "noupdate" records to be updateable in the future.

If you want to just change something in the records created by the data XML, I would recommend that you just change it via the application, e.g. for ir.ui.view --> through Settings >> Technical >> User Interface >> Views.

Thanks a lot! @ Muhammad Irfan

It worked for me but without comments

name="write" model="ir.model.data">
    name="search" model="ir.model.data">
        eval="[('module', '=', 'sale'), ('name', '=', 'sale_order_personal_rule')]" />
    
    eval="{'noupdate': False}"/>

Your solution is right but the syntax have a little correction.  For any Function in version 18.0 

<function name="write" model="ir.model.data">
<function name="search" model="ir.model.data">
<value eval="[('module', '=', 'purchase'), ('name', '=', 'seq_purchase_order')]"/>
</function>
<value eval="{'noupdate': False}"/>
</function>

<record id="purchase.seq_purchase_order" model="ir.sequence">
<field name="Your Field"> Your Changes of Value </field>
</record>

<function name="write" model="ir.model.data">
<function name="search" model="ir.model.data">
<value eval="[('module', '=', 'purchase'), ('name', '=', 'seq_purchase_order')]"/>
</function>
<value eval="{'noupdate': True}"/>
</function>