Hello friends, try the configuration that was marked as an answer but I get "Failler to attach (connect ECONNREFUSED 172.18.0.3:3000)" inside the container according to point 3 but with the ip of the container and copy the json to my debug file and can anything help me ??

set the following configurations in launch.json (Menu: Debug > Add Configuration.. ) of visual studio code
start odoo from Debug >Strat Debugging 

"configurations": [{
   "name": "Python: Odoo",
   "type": "python",
   "request": "launch",
   "program": "${workspaceFolder}/workspace/odoo-bin",
   "args": ["start", "--database=12.0", "--db-filter=12.0", "--addons-path=workspace/addons,enterprise"],
},
]​
​Note: change path according to your working directory.

I don't know how to set up it for a docker container.

steps:

1) find odoo-bin file and add new lines:

import subprocess

import time

process = subprocess.Popen("hostname -I | awk '{print $BASH_ARGV}'", stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)

while process.wait():

    time.sleep(0.1)

output, err = process.communicate()

host = output.split()[-1].decode("utf-8") 

print(host)

try:

    import ptvsd

except ImportError:

    subprocess.call('pip install ptvsd --user', shell=True)

    import ptvsd

ptvsd.enable_attach(address = (host, 3000))

where host var is IP address remote, you can find it in output terminal or run next command:

docker inspect odoo_container

in my case it was 172.25.0.4

2) create new dict in launch.json:

{
    "name": "Python: Remote Attach",
    "type": "python",
    "request": "attach",
    "port": 3000,
    "host": "host var value", // 172.25.0.4
    "pathMappings": [
        {
            "localRoot": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "remoteRoot": "${workspaceFolder}"
        }
    ]
}

3) it is all. now you can add in any place of your code "breakpoint()" and activate debug mode

and when this part of code will be called debugger will work in vscode

Well, I guess there is better way that there is no need to add code to odoo itself

https://gist.github.com/kerbrose/e646aaf9daece42b46091e2ca0eb55d0

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Odoo: Attach",
            "type": "python",
            "request": "attach",
            "port": 8879,
            "debugServer": 8888,
            "host": "localhost",
            "pathMappings": [
                {
                    "localRoot": "${workspaceFolder}",
                    "remoteRoot": "/mnt/extra-addons", //path to custom addons inside docker
                },
                {
                    "localRoot": "/dev/odoo", //odoo source code
                    "remoteRoot": "/odoo",    //path to source inside docker
                }
            ],
            "logToFile": true
            //"preLaunchTask": "init docker",
            //"postDebugTask": "stop docker"
        }
    ]
}

please note that your docker.dev file should include

https://dev.to/kerbrose/how-to-remote-debugging-odoo-docker-images-python-based-framework-4o2h has a more up to date answer.