Hi

Installing Odoo in Windows 7 is very basic. The only (small) issue we ever encountered resulted from the existence of an older OpenERP version. Since a PostgreSQL database is used to store all data, you both have to uninstall the old OpenERP version as well as the PostgreSQL database server. After uninstalling the PostgreSQL database server however, there are still two additional steps you need to take.

1. Remove the PostgreSQL data folder for OpenERP
2. Remove the (Windows) service user account openpgsvc

Especially this last step is important if you ever want to install a newer version of Odoo. If not, you might have some issue with your new Odoo installation.

Full source: http://odorials.com/tutorials/general/how-to-start-using-odoo/

Ps: In the tutorial we used Odoo 7.0, however all steps should be the same for Odoo 8. (If this should not be the case, please leave a note and we'll have a look at it.)

NOTE: You can edit both the commands and the script (see http://pastebin.com/ZbwJpL5h) to install V7 or V8 as you wish. My whole answer is for installing Odoo V7 or V8 on Ubuntu. You can download all Odoo versions, including for Windows, here: https://www.odoo.com/page/download

Manual installation without auto-start:

1.    sudo apt-get update
2.    sudo apt-get upgrade
3.    sudo apt-get install git
4.    sudo apt-get install graphviz ghostscript postgresql-client \
python-dateutil python-feedparser python-matplotlib \
python-ldap python-libxslt1 python-lxml python-mako \
python-openid python-psycopg2 python-pybabel python-pychart \
python-pydot python-pyparsing python-reportlab python-simplejson \
python-tz python-vatnumber python-vobject python-webdav \
python-werkzeug python-xlwt python-yaml python-imaging
5.    sudo apt-get install gcc python-dev mc bzr python-setuptools python-babel \
python-feedparser python-reportlab-accel python-zsi python-openssl \
python-egenix-mxdatetime python-jinja2 python-unittest2 python-mock \
python-docutils lptools make python-psutil python-paramiko poppler-utils \
python-pdftools antiword postgresql
6.    sudo -u postgres createuser -s odoo
7.    Install Odoo version: (version 8 is under https://github.com/odoo/odoo/tree/8.0)
wget -O- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/odoo/odoo/master/odoo.py | python
8.    cd odoo/
9.    ./openerp-server

Start Odoo server:
1. Cd Odoo/
2. ./openerp-server

Automatic install script with automatic booting after startup:

1. sudo nano odoo_install.sh
2. Add following lines of code: http://pastebin.com/ZbwJpL5h (note this script is made by André Schenkels, credit to him.)
3. Sudo chmod +x odoo_install.sh
4. Execute the file to auto-install: ./odoo_install.sh
5. After this is done do a reboot: sudo shutdown -r now
You will now see Odoo starts automaticly!

First of all you must know that 12.10 version of Ubuntu is no longer support by Canonical, You should not use this environement for professional use... I recommend to upgrade on 14.04 LTS. 

If you still want to install it on 12.10 Google is probably your best friend, many blog have already answer this question. For your need you could use this video : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5jRC27vbhN4 

For Windows 7 all the instruction are there https://doc.odoo.com/install/windows/

You can also use the official documentation on https://doc.odoo.com/ You have all the answer for Linux(Ubuntu) and the Windows 7 installation.