Optimisation des moteurs de recherche (SEO)

L’optimisation des moteurs de recherche, souvent appelée SEO, est une stratégie de marketing digital visant à améliorer la visibilité et le classement d’un site web dans les résultats de moteurs de recherche (par ex. Google). Il s’agit d’optimiser divers éléments de votre site web, notamment son contenu, le partage sur les réseaux sociaux, les URL, les images et la vitesse de défilement des pages.

Note

  • Several modules are provided to help build the website’s content, such as eCommerce, Blog, eLearning, and Forum.

  • All provided themes are built with the Bootstrap CSS framework to ensure responsive layouts across desktop, tablet, or mobile, which can support SEO.

Optimisation du contenu

Pour optimiser le SEO d’une page web, accédez à la page, puis allez dans Site web ‣ Site ‣ Optimisation SEO.

Search Engine Optimization

Note

Changing the title of a blog post or the name of a product automatically updates the link to the related webpage. The old link still functions as a 301 redirect is created, maintaining the SEO.

Astuce

  • Click Fill with AI to automatically generate a meta title, a description, and get keyword suggestions.

  • Remove incorrect URLs from the Broken Link field and select valid ones to prevent errors.

Keywords and meta tags

There are two types of keywords in SEO, which serve different purposes.

In-text keywords

In-text keywords appear naturally throughout a page’s visible content (titles, headings, and body text) and help search engines determine the topic and relevance of the page. These keywords have a real impact on ranking. They cannot be edited in the optimize SEO pop-up.

Important

Il est fortement recommandé de n’utiliser qu’un seul titre H1 par page pour le SEO.

Meta tags and meta keywords

Meta tags are HTML elements that provide information about a webpage to search engines and website visitors. They play a crucial role in SEO by helping search engines understand the content and context of a webpage and attract visitors with appealing content. They can be edited in the optimize SEO pop-up. There are two types of meta tags:

  • :guilabel:Les balises Titre spécifient le titre d’une page web et sont affichées comme un lien cliquable dans les résultats des moteurs de recherche. Elles doivent être concises, descriptives et pertinentes par rapport au contenu de la page. Vous pouvez mettre à jour la balise titre de votre page web ou la laisser vide pour utiliser la valeur par défaut en fonction du contenu de la page.

  • Description tags summarize the webpage’s content, often displayed in search engine results below the title. They are used to encourage the user to visit the page. Update the description tag of the webpage, or keep it empty to use the default description based on the page’s content.

Note

La carte Aperçu montre comment les balises titre et description apparaissent dans les résultats de recherche. Elle contient également l’URL de votre page.

Meta keywords are placed in a hidden HTML tag <meta name="keywords">. Once used to describe a page’s topic, this tag is now ignored by major search engines and has little or no impact on SEO. To edit Keywords, enter the keywords you consider essential in this field and click Add to see how they are used at different levels in your content (H1, H2, page title, page description, page content) and the related searches in Google. The tool also suggests relevant keywords.

Images

La taille des images a un impact significatif sur la rapidité de la page. Il s’agit d’un critère essentiel pour les moteurs de recherche afin d’optimiser le classement SEO.

Astuce

Comparez le classement de votre site web en utilisant Google Page Speed ou Pingdom Website Speed Test.

Odoo automatically compresses uploaded images and converts them to Webp. With this file format, photos are smaller, which increases the page loading speed and, therefore, gives a better ranking in SEO. All images used in Odoo official themes are also compressed by default.

Note

Third-party themes may not compress images efficiently.

To modify an image from a webpage, select the image, click Edit, then go to the Customize tab, and adapt the Format in the Image section.

Important

Les balises Alt sont utilisées pour fournir un contexte au contenu d’une image, afin d’informer les moteurs de recherche et de leur permettre d’indexer correctement l’image. L’ajout de mots-clés dans le champ Description est essentiel du point de vue SEO. Cette description est ajoutée au code HTML de votre image et s’affiche lorsque l’image ne peut pas être affichée.

Image pour le partage social

When you share a page on social media, the website logo is selected by default. Search the Unsplash image library or upload any other image by clicking the (upload) button.

Astuce

To set a default social share image, go to Website ‣ Configuration ‣ Settings. Under the Tracking & SEO section, enable Default Social Share Image.

Note

La carte Aperçu social montre comment les informations de la page apparaîtront une fois partagée.

Indexation

Website indexation is the process by which search engines, such as Google, discover, analyze, and store information about a website’s content in their database. Search engine bots, known as crawlers or spiders, visit web pages and follow links to collect data, including text, images, and other media. The purpose of indexation is to make a website’s content searchable and discoverable to users. Without being indexed, a website or a specific page on that site will not appear in search engine results, regardless of how relevant or well-designed it is. Indexation is a fundamental step in SEO, serving as the foundation for a website’s visibility and organic traffic.

Note

When you first create your website on Odoo, it will not appear directly in search engine results. Search engines need time to crawl and index it, which can take anywhere from a few days to several weeks. For Google, you can use the Search Console and request indexing for specific URLs, though this does not guarantee faster results. If you have an existing website and are migrating, your previous website may still appear instead of the new one during that timeframe.

SEO impact when migrating your existing website to Odoo

In most cases, migrating to Odoo will not negatively impact the website’s SEO. While no platform can guarantee that rankings will remain unchanged, follow these best practices to significantly reduce the risk.

  • Keep the existing content.

  • Implement redirects from old URLs to their new counterparts.

  • Monitor traffic and indexation to make sure that everything is going well, using Console Google Search.

By doing this, search engines reindex the site and maintain its visibility in search results.

Note

It is normal to experience a traffic decrease in the first days.

Prevent a page from being indexed

To effectively prevent a page from appearing in search engine results, use one of the following methods:

  • noindex tag: Access the page’s properties and toggle the Indexed switch off.

    Note

    This option is not yet available for dynamic pages.

  • 404 or 403: Configure the page to return a 404 (Not Found) or 403 (Forbidden) HTTP status code. These codes signal to search engines that the page does not exist or is inaccessible, leading to its eventual removal from the index.

  • Google Search Console: Use Google Search Console to request the removal of specific URLs from Google’s index.

Prevent a website from being indexed

To prevent a website from appearing in search engine results, go to Configuration ‣ Settings, then in the Website Info section, add a random value in the Domain field. Doing so automatically inserts the following tag into the page source:

<meta name="robots" content="noindex"/>

This tag instructs search engines not to index the site. After applying the change, it may take several days or weeks for search engines to update their results and remove the website.

Example

This can be used to prevent websites from test databases from appearing in search results.

Plan du site

The sitemap points out website pages and their relation to each other to search engine crawlers. Odoo generates a /sitemap.xml file, including all URLs. For performance reasons, this file is cached and updated every 12 hours.

Note

Si votre site web a beaucoup de pages, Odoo crée automatiquement un fichier d’indexation plan de site en suivant le protocole sitemaps.org, qui regroupe les URL en 45000 fragments par fichier.

Chaque entrée sur le plan du site possède trois attributs qui sont calculés automatiquement :

  • <loc>: l’URL d’une page.

  • <lastmod>: date de la dernière modification d’une ressource, calculée automatiquement en fonction de l’objet associé. Pour une page liée à un produit, il peut s’agir de la date de la dernière modification du produit ou de la page.

  • <priority>: les modules peuvent implémenter leur propre algorithme de priorité en fonction de leur contenu (par exemple : un forum pourrait assigner une priorité en fonction du nombre de votes sur un post en particulier). La priorité d’une page statique est définie par son champ priorité, qui est normalisé (16 par défaut).

Astuce

To prevent pages from appearing in a sitemap, go to Site ‣ Properties, and toggle off the Indexed feature.

toggle off the “Indexed” field

robots.txt

A robots.txt file instructs search engine crawlers which parts of a website they are permitted to access. Its primary purpose is to:

  • Prevent overloading the website: By guiding crawlers away from certain sections, robots.txt helps manage server load.

  • Control access to resources and detailed descriptions: It can prevent crawlers from accessing media files (images, videos), CSS stylesheets, and JavaScript files, and from reading the content (text) of specific pages.

When indexing your website, search engines first look at the robots.txt file. Odoo automatically creates one robot.txt file available on mydatabase.odoo.com/robots.txt.

Note

Reputable bots adhere to robots.txt; others may require blocking via Cloudflare on your custom domain.

Editer robots.txt

En modifiant un fichier robots.txt, vous pouvez contrôler quelles pages du site sont accessibles aux robots des moteurs de recherche. Pour ajouter des instructions personnalisées au fichier, allez dans Site Web ‣ Configuration ‣ Paramètres, descendez jusqu’à la section SEO, et cliquez sur Modifier robots.txt.

Example

If you do not want robots to crawl the /about-us page of your site, you can edit the robots.txt file to add Disallow: /about-us.

Important

While robots.txt prevents content from being crawled, it does not guarantee that a page will not be indexed. A page can still appear in search results if it is linked to from other crawled pages (indexed by « reference »). Google generally does not recommend using robots.txt to block webpages that you wish to keep out of search results entirely.

Fonctionnalités avancées

Balisage des données structurées

Structured data markup is used to generate rich snippets in search engine results. It is a way for websites to send structured data to search engine crawlers, helping them understand your content and create well-presented search results.

Google prend en charge par défaut de nombreux snippets enrichis pour les types de contenu, notamment les avis, les personnes, les produits, les entreprises, les événements et les organisations.

Les microdonnées sont un ensemble de balises, lancées avec HTML5, qui aident les moteurs de recherche à mieux comprendre votre contenu et à l’afficher de manière pertinente. Odoo utilise des microdonnées telles que décrites dans la spécification schema.org pour les événements, les produits eCommerce, les messages de forum et les adresses de contact. Cela permet à vos pages de produits d’être affichées dans Google en utilisant des informations supplémentaires telles que le prix et l’évaluation d’un produit :

snippets dans les résultats des moteurs de recherche

Hreflang HTML tags

Odoo automatically includes hreflang and x-default tags in the code of your website’s multilingual pages. These HTML attributes are crucial in informing search engines about a specific page’s language and geographical targeting.

Voir aussi

Traductions