Reglas de reabastecimiento

Las reglas de reabastecimiento se utilizan para mantener los niveles de existencias previstos sin sobrepasar un límite especificado. Esto se consigue especificando una cantidad mínima por debajo de la cual no deben descender las existencias y una cantidad máxima que no deben superar.

Reordering rules can be configured for each product based on the route used to replenish it. If a product uses the Buy route, then a request for quotation (RFQ) is created when the reordering rule is triggered. If a product uses the Manufacture route, then a manufacturing order (MO) is created instead. This is the case regardless of the selected replenishment route.

Ver también

• Tutoriales de Odoo: Reglas de reabastecimiento automáticas

• Tutoriales de Odoo: Reglas de reabastecimiento manuales

To set up reordering rules for the first time, refer to:

• Reordering rules setup

• Activadores

• Preferred route

To understand and optimize replenishment using advanced features, see:

• Just-in-time logic

• Días de visibilidad

Reordering rules setup

To configure automatic and manual reordering rules, complete the following:

1. Product type configuration

2. Create rule

Product type configuration

A product must be configured correctly to use reordering rules. Begin by navigating to Inventory app ‣ Products ‣ Products, then select an existing product, or create a new one by clicking New.

On the product form, under the General Information tab, set the Product Type to Storable Product. This is necessary because Odoo only tracks stock quantities for storable products, and quantities are needed to trigger reordering rules.

Next, click the Inventory tab and select one or more routes from the Routes section. Doing so tells Odoo which route to use to replenish the product.

Si el producto se reordena utilizando la ruta Comprar, confirme que la casilla Se puede comprar está activada bajo el nombre del producto. Esto hace que aparezca la pestaña Comprar, haga clic en ella, especifique al menos un proveedor y el precio al que venden el producto. De este modo Odoo sabrá a cuál empresa debe comprar el producto.

If the product is replenished using the Manufacture route, it needs to have at least one bill of materials (BoM) associated with it. This is necessary because Odoo only creates manufacturing orders for products with a BoM.

If a BoM does not already exist for the product, select the Bill of Materials smart button at the top of the product form, then click New to configure a new BoM.

Crear nuevas reglas de reabastecimiento

To create a new reordering rule, navigate to Inventory app ‣ Operations ‣ Replenishment, then click New, and fill out the following fields for the new reordering rule line item:

• Product: The product that requires replenishment.

• Location: The specific location where the product is stored.

• Min Quantity: The minimum amount of product that should be available. When inventory levels goes below this number, the replenishment is triggered.

• Max Quantity: The amount of product that should be available after replenishing the product.

• Multiple Quantity: If the product should be ordered in specific quantities, enter the number that should be ordered. For example, if the Multiple Quantity is set to 5, and only 3 are needed, 5 products are replenished.

Truco

Reordering rules can also be created from the Reordering Rules smart button on the product form.

Nota

To learn how the On Hand, Forecast, and To Order fields are calculated using on-hand quantities and future demand, see the Just-in-time logic section.

Obtenga más información sobre los siguientes campos de reglas de reabastecimiento para hacer uso avanzado de ellas:

• Activadores

• Preferred route

• Vendor

• Bill of materials

• Procurement group

• Días de visibilidad

Nota

The fields above are not available by default, and must be enabled by selecting the (adjust) icon in the far-right corner and selecting the desired column from the drop-down menu.

Regla de reabastecimiento 0/0/1

La regla de reabastecimiento 0/0/1 es una regla de especialidad que se usa para reabastecer un producto que no se mantiene a la mano cada vez que una orden de venta se confirma para el mismo producto.

Importante

La regla de reabastecimiento 0/0/1 es similar a la ruta Reabastecer sobre pedido (MTO), ya que ambos flujos de trabajo se usan para reabastecer un producto al confirmar una orden de venta.

La principal diferencia entre ambos métodos es que la ruta Reabastecer sobre pedido reserva automáticamente el producto para la orden de venta que ocasionó su reabastecimiento. Esto significa que el producto no se puede utilizar para una orden distinta.

La regla de reabastecimiento 0/0/1 no tiene esta limitación. Un producto reabastecido mediante la regla no está reservado para ninguna orden de venta específica y puede utilizarse según sea necesario.

Otra diferencia importante es que las órdenes de reabastecimiento creadas por la ruta Reabastecer sobre pedido están vinculadas a la orden original de venta mediante un botón inteligente situado en la parte superior de la orden. Al utilizar la regla de reabastecimiento 0/0/1 se crea una orden de reposición que no está vinculada a la orden original.

Vea la documentación Reabastecer sobre pedido (MTO)  para un resumen completo de la ruta MTO.

Para crear una regla de reabastecimiento 0/0/1 vaya a Inventario ‣ Productos ‣ Productos y seleccione un producto.

En la parte superior de la página productos, haga clic en el botón inteligente Reglas de reabastecimiento para abrir la página Reglas de reabastecimiento del producto. En la página resultante, haga clic en Nuevo para empiezar a configurar una orden de reabastecimiento.

En el campo Ubicación de la nueva regla de reabastecimiento seleccione aquella en la que deben almacenarse los productos reabastecidos. Esta ubicación es WH/Existencias de forma predeterminada.

En el campo Ruta, seleccione la ruta que debe utilizar la regla para reponer el artículo. Por ejemplo, si el producto debe comprarse a un proveedor, seleccione la ruta Comprar.

En los campos Cantidad mínima y Cantidad máxima, deje los valores en 0.00. En el campo Por ordenar, introduzca el valor 1.00.

Una vez que haya configurado la regla de reabastecimiento con estos valores, cada vez que una orden de venta ocasione que la cantidad pronosticada del producto sea menor a la cantidad mínima de 0.00, se utilizará la ruta seleccionada para reabastecer el producto en incrementos de una unidad hasta alcanzar la cantidad máxima de 0.00.

Example

Los portarretratos están configurados con la regla de reabastecimiento 0/0/1 que utiliza la ruta Compra, es decir, no se conserva ninguna unidad de este producto en ningún momento.

Al confirmar una orden de venta para un portarretratos hace que la cantidad pronosticada disminuya a -1.00. Esto activa la regla de reabastecimiento que crea una orden de compra en automático para una unidad de este producto.

Luego de recibir el producto del proveedor, la cantidad pronosticada del portarretratos vuelve a 0.00. Ahora hay uno disponible, pero no está reservado para la orden de venta que ocasionó su compra y puede usarse para cumplir con esa orden de venta o reservarse para otra.

Activador

A reordering rule’s trigger can be set to automatic or manual. While both function the same way, the difference between the two types of reordering rules is how the rule is launched:

• Auto: A purchase or manufacturing order is automatically created when the forecasted stock falls below the reordering rule’s minimum quantity. By default, the Auto trigger is selected.

• Manual: The Replenishment report lists products needing replenishment, showing current/forecasted stock, lead times, and arrival dates. Users can review forecasts before clicking Order Once.

To enable the Trigger field, go to Inventory app ‣ Operations ‣ Replenishment or Inventory app ‣ Configuration ‣ Reordering Rules. Then, click the (adjust) icon, located to the far-right of the column titles, and tick the Trigger checkbox.

Seleccione Auto o Manual en la columna Activar. Consulte las siguientes secciones para obtener más información sobre los distintos tipos de reglas de reabastecimiento.

Auto

Automatic reordering rules, enabled by setting the reordering rule’s Trigger field to Auto, generate purchase or manufacturing orders when either:

1. The scheduler runs, and the Forecasted quantity is below the minimum, or

2. A sales order is confirmed, and lowers the Forecasted quantity of the product below the minimum.

If the Buy route is selected, then an RFQ is generated. To view and manage RFQs, navigate to Purchase app ‣ Orders ‣ Requests for Quotation.

If the Manufacture route is selected, then an MO is generated. To view and manage MOs, navigate to Manufacturing app ‣ Operations ‣ Manufacturing Orders.

Cuando no hay ninguna ruta seleccionada, Odoo elige la Ruta especificada en la pestaña Inventario del formulario del producto.

Truco

De forma predeterminada, el planificador está configurado para ejecutarse una vez al día.

Asegúrese de haber habilitado el modo de desarrollador para activar una regla de reabastecimiento de forma manual antes de que se ejecute el planificador. Vaya a Inventario ‣ Operaciones ‣ Ejecutar planificador, allí aparecerá una ventana emergente, haga clic en el botón morado Ejecutar planificador.

Tenga en cuenta que esto también activará otras acciones programadas.

Example

El producto Lámpara de oficina tiene una regla de reabastecimiento automática que está configurada para activarse cuando la cantidad pronosticada se encuentra por debajo del mínimo de 5.00. Como el pronóstico actual es 55.00, entonces la regla de reabastecimiento no se activa.

Manual

Manual reordering rules, configured by setting the reordering rule’s Trigger field to Manual, list a product on the replenishment dashboard when the forecasted quantity falls below a specified minimum. Products on this dashboard are called needs, because they are needed to fulfill upcoming sales orders, for which the forecasted quantity is not enough.

The replenishment dashboard, accessible by navigating to Inventory app ‣ Operations ‣ Replenishment, considers sales order deadlines, forecasted stock levels, and vendor lead times. It displays needs only when it is time to reorder items, thanks to the To Reorder filter.

Cuando un producto aparece en el tablero de reabastecimiento, y hace clic en el botón Ordenar una vez, generará la orden de compra o de fabricación con las cantidades especificadas Para ordenar.

Ruta

Odoo allows for multiple routes to be selected as replenishment methods under the Inventory tab on each product form. For instance, it is possible to select both Buy and Manufacture, indicating to Odoo that the product can be bought or manufactured.

Odoo también permite que los usuarios establezcan una ruta preferida como regla de reabastecimiento de un producto. Esta es la ruta predeterminada de la regla en caso de que hayan varias seleccionadas. Para seleccionar una ruta preferida, vaya a Inventario ‣ Configuración ‣ Reglas de reabastecimiento.

La columna Ruta está oculta de forma predeterminada en la página Reglas de reabastecimiento.

Para abrir la columna Ruta, seleccione el icono (deslizador) situado en la parte derecha de los títulos de las columnas y seleccione la opción Ruta en el menú desplegable que aparece.

Haga clic dentro de la columna en la fila de una regla de reabastecimiento, aparecerá un menú desplegable con todas las rutas disponibles para esa regla. Seleccione una para establecerla como ruta preferida.

Importante

Si se activan varias rutas para un producto pero no se establece ninguna ruta preferida para su regla de reabastecimiento, el producto se reordena utilizando la ruta seleccionada que aparece en primer lugar en la pestaña Inventario del formulario del producto.

Advanced uses

Pairing Preferred Route with one of the following fields on the replenishment report unlocks advanced configurations of reordering rules. Consider the following:

• Vendor: When the selected Preferred Route is Buy, setting the Vendor field to one of the multiple vendors on the vendor pricelist indicates to Odoo that the vendor is automatically populated on RFQs when a reordering rule triggers the creation of a purchase order.

• Bill of Materials: When the Preferred Route is set to Manufacture, and there are multiple BoMs in use, specifying the desired BoM in the replenishment report, draft manufacturing orders are created with this BoM in use.

• Procurement Group: This is a way to group related POs or MOs that are tied to fulfilling a specific demand, like an SO or a project. It helps organize and track which orders are linked to a particular demand.

  Nota

  Procurement groups link replenishment methods to demand, enabling smart buttons to appear when using the MTO route.

  

  Sales order (demand) with a linked purchase order (replenishment method).

  In the context of reordering rules:

  • Reordering rules do not automatically assign a procurement group, which is why there are no smart buttons that link SOs to POs, unlike the MTO route.

  • To enable smart buttons for products replenished by reordering rules (not MTO), with specific quantities linked to specific demands (e.g. SOs), assign a procurement group.

  • Without a procurement group, demands for the same product can be combined into a single RFQ, even if the reordering rule is executed multiple times for those demands. This allows for more efficient procurement by consolidating demands into fewer orders.

  Selecting a procurement group in the Procurement Group field on the replenishment report ensures that all linked orders are grouped under the same demand, based on the defined route.

  Exercise

  How can you set the Procurement Group, Vendor, and Preferred Route fields on the replenishment report to generate a single RFQ for five different products in sales order SO35, given they share the same vendor, Azure Interior, and ensure other demands for these products are handled separately?

  View the answer

  1. Set the Procurement Group to SO35, in the reordering rule for all five products. This groups the demands for SO35 in the same RFQ or MO.

  2. Set the Vendor to Azure Interior to ensure the RFQ is created for the same supplier.

  3. Set the Preferred Route to Buy to generate an RFQ.

  4. Click the Order Once button to generate a single RFQ for the five products tied to SO35.

  After placing the order, remove SO35 from the Procurement Group field of the five products” reordering rules. This ensures future demands for these products are managed separately and assigned to different RFQs (the usual behavior).

Just-in-time logic

Just-in-time logic in Odoo minimizes storage costs by placing orders precisely to meet deadlines. This is achieved using the forecasted date, which determines when replenishment is necessary to avoid overstocking.

The forecasted date is the earliest possible date to receive a product if the replenishment process starts immediately. It is calculated by summing the lead times linked to the replenishment process, such as vendor lead times and purchasing delays for purchases, or manufacturing lead times for production. Both automatic and manual reordering rules work this way.

Example

For a product with a 5-day total lead time and a sales order delivery date in 10 days, Odoo waits 5 days to place the order, ensuring it arrives just in time for delivery.

Important considerations:

• If this feels risky, consider adding buffer time or adjusting lead times for more flexibility.

• While lead times and just-in-time logic provide additional control, reordering rules work perfectly fine without them. Keeping delivery dates on sales orders as their creation date ensures purchases are immediately triggered when needed

Forecasted date and To Order quantity

To view the forecasted date, go to the replenishment report and click the (info) icon for the desired reordering rule. The Replenishment Information pop-up window displays the Forecasted Date and various lead times.

The forecasted date is the total time needed to procure a product in Odoo. It is calculated by summing the lead times linked to the product’s replenishment process. The total of these lead times, added to the current date, determines when Odoo checks for demanded stock.

Importante

The forecasted date is the earliest possible date the customer can receive the product if the replenishment process began right now. It is calculated by adding all lead times related to the product to the current date.

Example

A manual reordering rule is set up with no minimum or maximum quantities.

• Vendor lead time is 4 days, the purchase security lead time is 1 day, and the days to purchase is 2 days.

• Today’s date is November 26.

• These add up to 7 days, making the forecasted date, December 3rd.

A confirmed SO for 5 units has a delivery date of December 3rd (7 days from today). This demand will appear on the replenishment report today, in the To Order field.

However, if the delivery date were later than December 3rd, it would not yet appear on the report. Odoo only displays quantities to replenish when they fall within the forecasted date window, ensuring orders are placed precisely when needed.

The just-in-time logic ensures replenishment happens only when it’s necessary for the forecasted date’s demand, helping avoid overstocking.

Por ejemplo:

• If the forecasted quantity drops below the minimum on the forecasted date, replenishment must begin immediately to avoid shortages.

• If the quantity drops below the minimum after the forecasted date, replenishment can wait.

The To Order quantity is the total demand on the forecasted date.

By timing purchase orders based on the combined lead times, Odoo optimizes stock levels, keeping inventory minimal while ensuring future requirements are ordered at the last possible moment—strategic procrastination without the stress!

Common confusion about forecasted quantities

SOs due after the Forecasted Date are not accounted for in the Forecast quantities of the reordering rule.

They are, however, accounted for on the forecasted report that is opened by clicking the (graph) icon on the replenishment report, as this one represents the long-term forecasted quantity.

Example

Continuing the above example, when the sales order’s deadline is adjusted to December 4th, the Forecast and To Order quantities are zero.

Opening the Forecasted Report shows the Forecasted units is 5.00.

Días de visibilidad

Visibility days enable the ability to determine if additional quantities should be added to the planned replenishment. Odoo checks if forecasted stock on the forecasted date will drop below the minimum in the reordering rule. Only if it is time to reorder, visibility days check additional future demand by the specified number of days.

This feature helps consolidate orders by grouping immediate and near-future needs, reducing transport costs and enabling supplier discounts for larger orders.

To set visibility days to incorporate orders for a specified number of days in the future, navigate to Inventory app ‣ Operations ‣ Replenishment, or by clicking the Reordering Rules smart button from the product form.

Next, enable the Visibility Days field by clicking the (adjust) icon to the far right and choosing the feature from the drop-down menu. Then, enter the desired visibility days.

Importante

The forecasted date is never pushed forward or extended; Odoo only checks the extra visibility days if the stock falls below the minimum threshold on the forecasted date.

Example where visibility days is triggered

A product shipped from Asia has a combined vendor lead time of 30 days and a shipping cost of $100 (including landed costs and tariffs).

• November 4: Current date. The forecasted date is December 4 (30 days later).

• SO 1: Requires the product by Dec 4. Odoo places the order today, costing $100.

• SO 2: Requires the product by Dec 19. Normally, Odoo would order on Nov 19, costing an additional $100.

• SO 3: Requires the product by Dec 25. Normally, Odoo would order on Nov 25, costing another $100.

Ordering separately for these sales orders totals $300 in shipping costs.

Setting Visibility Days to 20.0 allows Odoo to «look ahead» 20 days from December 4 (SO 1’s forecasted date) to December 24.

• It groups SO 2’s order with SO 1, reducing shipping costs by consolidating orders.

• SO 3, which is due on Dec 25, is one day late and is not grouped with the other two orders.

Counterexample where visibility days is not triggered

Considering the example above, if SO 1 does not exist, then:

• November 4: Current date. The forecasted date is December 4 (30 days later).

• November 5: The forecasted date shifts to December 5.

• SO 2: Requires the product by December 19. Odoo will only trigger the order on November 19, meaning the user will not see a replenishment notification until then.

This shows that visibility days complement just-in-time logic by optimizing it to balance replenishment costs more effectively.